Abstract

Aim: To assess the clinical effectiveness, safety, technical feasibility, and challenges of remote robotic surgery in general surgery, gynecology, orthopedics, and urology, focusing on issues like communication technology, ethics, and cost.
Methods: Relevant reports on remote robotic surgery were retrieved from databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, and Wanfang (2001-2025). Literature quality was evaluated using tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).
Results: A total of 24 articles were included (13 in Chinese, 11 in English) covering general surgery, gynecology, orthopedics, urology, and thyroid surgery. The findings showed high success rates and accuracy in remote robotic surgery, with controllable network latency, demonstrating its potential to expand medical resource access, particularly in remote areas. However, challenges such as network stability, equipment cost, operational precision, data privacy, and ethical concerns remain.
Conclusion: Despite challenges, remote robotic surgery shows promise in overcoming geographical and resource limitations. With continuous technological advancements, it is expected to play an increasingly significant role in global healthcare.

Keywords

Human, remote, robotic surgery, systematic review